Insulin resistance is a condition in which your body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, a hormone that allows cells to take in glucose and use it for energy. When the cells become resistant to insulin, they can't absorb glucose effectively, leading to high levels of glucose in the blood. Over time, the pancreas produces more insulin to compensate, which can further exacerbate the problem and potentially lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is often associated with obesity, lack of physical activity, poor diet, and certain genetic factors.
References:
Kahn, B. B., & Flier, J. S. (2000). Obesity and insulin resistance. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 106(4), 473–481. https://www.jci.org/articles/view/11549
Kahn, S. E. (2003). The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 46(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-002-1009-0
Petersen, M. C., & Shulman, G. I. (2018). Mechanisms of Insulin Action and Insulin Resistance. Physiological Reviews, 98(4), 2133–2223. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00063.2017
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