The primary differences in testosterone levels between males and females stem from their distinct physiological roles. In males, testosterone is predominantly produced by the testes and plays a pivotal role in the development of male reproductive tissues, such as the testes and prostate, as well as the development of secondary sexual characteristics like facial hair, deeper voice, and increased muscle mass.
In females, testosterone is produced in smaller amounts by the ovaries and adrenal glands. While necessary for normal physiological function, its levels are significantly lower compared to males. Testosterone in females contributes to overall well-being, bone health, and libido, but its functions are more subtle and diverse. The differential effects of testosterone in males and females are crucial for maintaining sexual dimorphism and physiological balance.
References:
Davis, S. R., & Wahlin-Jacobsen, S. (2015). Testosterone in women—the clinical significance. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 3(12), 980-992. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00284-3
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