How do fried and fatty foods exacerbate GERD?

Fried and fatty foods exacerbate GERD/acid reflux by inducing relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscular valve that separates the esophagus from the stomach. High-fat content triggers the release of stomach hormones, promoting prolonged and excessive acid production. Simultaneously, these foods delay gastric emptying, allowing stomach acid to persist in the esophagus. The combination of a relaxed LES and prolonged acid exposure heightens the risk of reflux, contributing to the discomfort associated with GERD.

Reference:

1. Hunt, J. N., Farré, R., & Whiting, C. (1998). Role of meal viscosity and Nutrient content in the regulation of Gastric emptying. Gastroenterology, 114(5), 1076–1087. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70439-4](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70439-4)